Search results for "PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Interventions"
showing 10 items of 403 documents
"Jeg har så lyst til å klare det" : kurative brystkreftpasienters erfaringer med å delta i livsstilsintervensjoner parallelt med kjemoterapi
2014
Masteroppgave i helsefag ME 518 Universitetet i Agder 2014 Background: Annually, more than 3000 women are affected by breast cancer in Norway.Lifestyle interventions indicate to be adequate in comparison to stress reduction and mentalwellbeing. Changes in to a more healthy diet, smoking cessation and physical activity seem togive less symptoms and side effects of the chemotherapy. In some studies it is indicated thatincreased survival could be a consequence of lifestyle changes in breast cancer patients.Purpose and research issues: The purpose of this study is to explore how curative breastcancer patients experience participation in lifestyle intervention in parallel withchemotherapy. Resea…
Estimating sexual knowledge of people with mild intellectual disability through a valid and reliable assessment scale: The ISK-ID
2021
Background Despite the relevance of assessing sexual knowledge in people with Intellectual Disability, there is a lack of appropriate assessment tools to measure this domain. The current study tests the psychometric properties of the new ‘Inventory of Sexual Knowledge of people with Intellectual Disability’ (ISK-ID). Method 345 individuals with mild intellectual disability completed the ISK-ID before and after the implementation of a sexual education program. Psychometric properties of the ISK-ID were analysed according to Multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT). Results Its underlying factorial structure, along with parameters derived from the MIRT (item discrimination, difficulty, an…
The effectiveness and applicability of different lifestyle interventions for enhancing wellbeing : the study design for a randomized controlled trial…
2014
Background: Obesity and stress are among the most common lifestyle-related health problems. Most of the current disease prevention and management models are not satisfactorily cost-effective and hardly reach those who need them the most. Therefore, novel evidence-based controlled interventions are necessary to evaluate models for prevention and treatment based on self-management. This randomized controlled trial examines the effectiveness, applicability, and acceptability of different lifestyle interventions with individuals having symptoms of metabolic syndrome and psychological distress. The offered interventions are based on cognitive behavioral approaches, and are designed for enhancing…
Fruit and vegetable consumption trends among adolescents from 2002 to 2010 in 33 countries
2015
BACKGROUND: Fruit and vegetable consumption is linked to many positive health outcomes, nevertheless many adolescents do not consume fruit and vegetables on a daily basis.METHODS: Data of 488,951 adolescents, aged 11-, 13- and 15- years, from 33 mainly European and North American countries/regions participating in the cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children surveys in 2002, 2006 and 2010, were used to investigate trends in daily fruit and vegetable consumption between 2002 and 2010.RESULTS: Multilevel logistic regression analyses showed an increase in daily fruit and vegetable consumption between 2002 and 2010 in the majority of countries for both genders and all three age …
Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
2022
Correction to Lancet Public Health 2022; 7: e657-69. Lancet Public Health. 2022 Dec;7(12):e992. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00294-8. PMID: 36462522. Background: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10-24 years during the past three decades. Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2019 Study, we analysed mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to transport and unintentional injuries for adolescents in 204 countries. Burden is reported in absolut…
Efficacy of Three Low-Intensity, Internet-Based Psychological Interventions for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care: Randomized Controlled Tr…
2020
Background: Primary care is a major access point for the initial treatment of depression, but the management of these patients is far from optimal The lack of time in primary care is one of the major difficulties for the delivery of evidence-based psychotherapy. During the last decade, research has focused on the development of brief psychotherapy and cost-effective internet-based interventions mostly based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Very little research has focused on alternative methods of treatment for depression using CBT. Thus, there is a need for research into other therapeutic approaches. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 3 low-intensity, internet…
Does tinnitus distress depend on age of onset?
2011
Objectives: Tinnitus is the perception of a sound in the absence of any physical source of it. About 5–15% of the population report hearing such a tinnitus and about 1–2% suffer from their tinnitus leading to anxiety, sleep disorders or depression. It is currently not completely understood why some people feel distressed by their tinnitus, while others don’t. Several studiesindicate that the amount of tinnitus distress is associated with many factors including comorbid anxiety, comorbid depression, personality, the psychosocial situation, the amount of the related hearing loss and the loudness of the tinnitus.Furthermore, theoretical considerations suggest an impact of the age at tinnitus o…
Association of Structural Global Brain Network Properties with Intelligence in Normal Aging
2013
Higher general intelligence attenuates age-associated cognitive decline and the risk of dementia. Thus, intelligence has been associated with cognitive reserve or resilience in normal aging. Neurophysiologically, intelligence is considered as a complex capacity that is dependent on a global cognitive network rather than isolated brain areas. An association of structural as well as functional brain network characteristics with intelligence has already been reported in young adults. We investigated the relationship between global structural brain network properties, general intelligence and age in a group of 43 cognitively healthy elderly, age 60–85 years. Individuals were assessed cross-sect…
Earliest Evidence for Social Endogamy in the 9,000-Year-Old-Population of Basta, Jordan
2013
The transition from mobile to sedentary life was one of the greatest social challenges of the human past. Yet little is known about the impact of this fundamental change on social interactions amongst early Neolithic communities, which are best recorded in the Near East. The importance of social processes associated with these economic and ecological changes has long been underestimated. However, ethnographic observations demonstrate that generalized reciprocity – such as open access to resources and land – had to be reduced to a circumscribed group before regular farming and herding could be successfully established. Our aim was thus to investigate the role of familial relationships as one…
Face the Hierarchy: ERP and Oscillatory Brain Responses in Social Rank Processing
2014
International audience; Recognition of social hierarchy is a key feature that helps us navigate through our complex social environment. Neuroimaging studies have identified brain structures involved in the processing of hierarchical stimuli but the precise temporal dynamics of brain activity associated with such processing remains largely unknown. Here, we used electroencephalography to examine the effect of social hierarchy on neural responses elicited by faces. In contrast to previous studies, the key manipulation was that a hierarchical context was constructed, not by varying facial expressions, but by presenting neutral-expression faces in a game setting. Once the performance-based hier…